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Iyada oo ku saleysan xuduudaha caaryada iyo shuruudaha habka ay bixiso isticmaaluhu (caaryada sare iyo hoose iyo caaryada dhexe waa in la kululeeyaa 170 ° C isku mar), iyo marka lagu daro qodobbada muhiimka ahcaaryada heerkulka xakamayntaxulashada laga helay natiijooyinka raadinta, kuwan soo socda ayaa lagu talinayaa in la doorto awoodda tamarta iyo bamka saliidda ee laba xakameynaya heerkulka caaryada:
I. Xakamaynta heerkulka caaryadaXulashada Awoodda
1. Xisaabinta Awoodda Kululaynta
Awoodda kuleylka waa in lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo miisaanka caaryada, kala duwanaanta heerkulka, awoodda kulaylka gaarka ah, iyo wakhtiga kuleylka. Habkani waa:
KW = W × Δt × C / (860 × T)
W: Miisaanka caaryada (kg) (1.5t midkiiba caaryada sare iyo hoose = 1500kg, 3t ee caaryada dhexe = 3000kg)
Δt: Kala duwanaanta heerkulka (170°C - 20°C heerkulka deegaanka = 150°C)
C: Awoodda kulaylka gaarka ah (0.11 ee caaryada birta ah)
T: Waqtiga kulaylka (oo loo malaynayo 1 saac)
Tusaale Xisaabinta:
Awoodda hal keli ahcaaryada heerkulka xakamayntaee caaryada sare iyo hoose:
KW = (1500 × 2) × 150 × 0.11 / (860 × 1) ≈ 57.6 kW (iyadoo la tixgelinayo luminta kulaylka, 20% dib-u-celinta ayaa lagula talinayaa, markaa 70 kW ayaa la doortay).
Awoodda heerkulka dhimashadda dhexe:
kW = 3000 × 150 × 0.11 / (860 × 1) ≈ 57.6 kW (oo la mid ah 70 kW).
Talada soo saaraha:
Caaryada waaweyn-tonnage (tusaale, 3-tan caaryada dhexe) waxay u baahan yihiin awood sare si loo hubiyo wakhtiga kulaylka ka hor. Tixraac qaabeynta caaryada ee mashiinnada shubka-dhimista ee ka badan 800 tan (24 kW/caaryada). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaaluhu wuxuu u baahan yahay kuleyl guud, markaa xisaabin dhamaystiran ayaa loo baahan yahay.
2. Saxnaanta Xakamaynta Heerkulka iyo Deganaanshaha
Habka shubista-dhimashada waxay u baahan tahay saxnaanta xakamaynta heerkulka gudaha ±1°C. Nidaamka xakamaynta PID ama PLC ee ku qalabaysan dareeraha heerkulka saxda ah ee saxda ah ayaa loo baahan yahay.
Naqshadaynta laba-wareeg ama wareegyo badan ayaa aad ugu habboon caaryada leh wadooyin badan oo saliid ah si loo hubiyo isku-duubnaanta heerkulka.
II. Xulashada Bamka Saliidda
1. Shuruudaha socodka iyo cadaadiska
Xisaabinta socodka: Wadarta mugga kanaalka saliidda iyo xawaaraha wareegga waa in la buuxiyaa. Mugga hal kanaal saliid ah (dhexroor 19mm = 1.9cm, dhererka 11m = 1100cm):
V = πr² × L = 3.14 × (0.95)² × 1100 ≈ 3125cm³ = 3.125L/kanaalka.
Wadarta heerka qulqulka caaryada sare/hoose: 8 kanaalka saliidda, 4 gudaha gudaha ah iyo 4 bixitaan, wadarta mugga 25L. Qiyaasta wareegga wareegga lagu taliyey ≥ 100L/daqiiqo ayaa lagula talinayaa (si loo hubiyo isweydaarsiga kulaylka degdegga ah).
Heerka socodka ee caaryada dhexe: Xisaabin la mid ah ayaa loo baahan yahay, oo u baahan ≥ 80L/min.
Shuruudaha cadaadiska:
Kanaalka saliidda dheer iyo kuwa badan waxay u baahan yihiin bamka cadaadiska sarreeya (≥ 4bar) si ay uga gudbaan iska caabbinta. Bamka waditaanka birlabeedka (heerkulka u adkaysta oo leh taageerada socodka dib u socodka) ayaa lagula talinayaa.
2. Nooca bamka saliidda iyo sifooyinka
Bambooyin socodka go'an: Qaab dhismeedka fudud, oo ku habboon shuruudaha socodka xasilloon; Bambooyin-socod doorsooma: Tamar-badbaadinta laakiin waa qaali, oo ku habboon xaaladaha socodka isbeddelka.
Walxaha: Saliid kuleyl heerkeedu sarreeyo (ilaa 350°C) waxay u baahan tahay jidhka bamka birta ah iyo shaabado heerkul sare leh (sida fluororubber).
III. Talooyin Xulasho Dhamaystiran
Xakamaynta heerkulka caaryadaHabaynta:
Sare/HooseXakamaynta heerkulka caaryada: 70kW awoodda kuleyliyaha, 100L / min heerka socodka, 4 bar cadaadiska, design dual-circuit.
DhexeXakamaynta heerkulka caaryada: 70kW awoodda kuleylka, 80L / min heerka socodka, cadaadiska 4 bar, naqshad hal wareeg ah (wareegyo badan ayaa looga baahan yahay aagagga heerkulka).
Tilmaamo Dheeraad ah:
Hawo-afuufin iyo shaqada soo celinta saliidda (waxay soo ceshataa saliidda kulaylka inta lagu jiro isbeddellada caaryada).
Xakamaynta PLC, waxay taageertaa barnaamijka qalooca heerkulka iyo qorida qaladka.
Badbaadada iyo Waxtarka Tamarta:
Ilaalinta heerkulka xad-dhaafka ah, alaarmiga dareeraha hooseeya, iyo sifooyinka kale ee badbaadada.
Naqshadeynta bamka soo noqnoqda ee bedqabka tamarta waxay yaraynaysaa isticmaalka tamarta muddada dheer.
IV. Ka taxadaritaan
Dareeraha wareejinta kulaylka: Saliid macmal ah oo heerkulkeedu sarreeyo (sida isku dhafka biphenyl-diphenyl ether). Si joogto ah u beddel (sannad walba lagu taliyay).
Isku xirka tuubooyinka: Isticmaal dhexroorka 19mm tuubooyinka wareega ee birta si loo yareeyo luminta kulaylka.
Haddii aad rabto inaad wax badan ka ogaato alaabtayada, fadlannala soo xidhiidh!
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-11-2025
